Uninstalled iTunes using the normal uninstaller.
Removed all other USB devices, tried different USB cables, tried different USB ports, tried both the old USB2 cable and the USB-C cable.
Verified that Windows is recognizing a USB device is connected. ITunes will not reliably sync automatically over Wi-Fi despite this option being on. ITunes will frequently stop syncing and iPhone will disappear from iTunes after syncing has begun. ITunes will not reliably see iPhone when it is connected. ITunes will not reliably sync when iPhone is connected. ITunes will not automatically launch when iPhone is connected. Edit - I think I fixed it, update at the end of post.